Nrhjpl
tpQ;Qhdpapd; mQ;Qhd Muha;r;rp!
(jpUkfs;)
gj;jpupiffspd;
Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fs; %d;W vd nkhopgH fw;wwp;e;NjhH. xd;W fw;gpj;jy; (Instruct). ,uz;lhtJ
nra;jpfis njuptpj;jy; (Inform). %d;whtJ nghOJ
Nghf;F (Entertainment ).
ntWkNd gf;fq;fis
epug;gpr; nra;jpfisf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhff; nfhLf;fhky; rKjhaj;Jf;F ed;ik
juf;$ba> Vw;wk; juf;$ba> gyd; juf;$ba nra;jpfisg; gj;jpupiffs; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
gioa Guhzf;
Fg;igfisAk;> fw;gidfisAk;> ,d;Dk; rpyehl;fspy; ,Ugj;njhuhk; Ehw;whz;by; fhyb vLj;J
itg;gjw;F cyfk; jahuhfp tUfpw fhy fl;lj;jpy;> gj;jpupiffs;
gpuRupj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gJ ftiyf;Fupa rq;fjpahFk;. mjpYk; Nrhjplk;> vz; rhj;jpuk; Nghd;w
Nghypf; fiyfSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J
%lek;gpf;iffis tsHf;f Kay;tJ jkpo; r%fj;ij fw;fhyj;Jf;Fg; gpd;js;Sk; Kaw;rpahFk;.
""ek;ehL""
gj;jpupif khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fSf;Fk;> khWgl;l Nfhl;ghLfSf;Fk; fsk; mikj;Jf; nfhLg;gJ mjd;
gy rpwg;Gf;fspy; xd;W. Mrpupaupd; gue;j Nehf;fj;jpw;Fk; mJ
ey;y vLj;Jf;fhl;L. Cupy; nrhy;thHfs; fyfk; gpwe;jhy;j;jhd; epahak; gpwf;Fk; vd;W. kdpjd;
vd;w r%fg; gpuhzpf;Fk; Vida gpuhzpfSf;Fk; cs;s xNu tpj;jpahrk; kdpjd; jdJ MwhtJ mwpitg;
ghtpj;J ey;yJ nfl;lij mwpe;J nfhs;fpwhd;. ,e;j MwhtJ mwpitg; gFj;jwpT vd;W nrhy;fpNwhk;.
Neha; te;j gpd;dH kl;Lky;y Neha; tUk; Kd;dNu mjw;fhd jLg;G Crpiag; Nghl;L jd;idj;
jw;fhj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;w mwpT kdpjDf;F kl;Lk; cz;L.
A+d; khjk; 3k;
ehs; ntspte;j ""ek;ehL"" ,jopy; ""tpehafH epfo;j;jpa ,uz;L
mw;Gjq;fs;!"" vd;w jiyg;gpy; 05k;
gf;fj;jpy; xU gug;ghd nra;jp Nghlg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,e;jr; nra;jpf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;l Jizj;
jiyg;G ""jk;gpYtpy; jpUf;Nfhtpy;
Myaj;jpw;F topghL nra;j te;j ahid kpushJ epd;W topghL! ahid Kfj;NjhL eha; <d;w
Fl;b"" vd;gjhFk;.
mjprak; xd;W-
jk;gpYtpy; =fz;zif mk;kd; jpUf;NfhtpYf;F fhl;L ahid xd;W te;J topghL nra;jJ. gf;jHfs;
nka;rpypHj;Jg; NGhdhHfshk;.
mjprak; ,uz;L-
kl;lf;fsg;G> $ohtb FWf;F tPjpapy; cs;s tPnlhd;wpy; tsHf;fg;gl;l eha; xd;W ahidj;
jiyAld; $ba Fl;bnahd;iw <d;wJ.
ehd; epidf;fpNwd;
""ek;ehL"" gj;jpupif MrpupaH ,e;jr; nra;jpia gj;jpupifapd; %d;whtJ
Nehf;fkhd '' nghOJNghf;F"" vd;w mbg;gilapy; ,e;jr; nra;jpia Nghl;bUf;fyhk;.
,Ue;Jk; mwptpay;
ehSk; nghOJk; nra;J fhl;Lk; tpe;ijfs;- epyhTf;fhd gazq;fs; > mz;lntsp Muha;r;rpfs;> nraw;ifKiwapy; Foe;ijfs; cl;gl capupdq;fisg;
gpwg;gpj;jy;> mz;l ntspia tyk; tUk; tpz;ntspf; fyq;fs;> Ma;T $lq;fs;> nrt;tha;f;
fpufj;jpy; kdpjid ,wf;f vLf;fg;gLk; Kaw;rpfs; xd;Wk; 'mw;Gjq;fs;" Mfj; njupahky; fhl;L ahid
Myaj;Jf;F tUtJk;> ehnahd;W ahid Kfj;NjhL Fl;b <DtJ kl;Lk; ngupa mw;Gjk; vd;W gugug;ghf nra;jp NghLtJ kf;fs;
kdjpy; %lek;gpf;ifia tsHf;fj;jhd; cjtp nra;Ak;.
,d;Dk; xU ngupa Ntjid vd;dntd;why;
mwptpay; fz;L gpbj;j fzdp> mr;R ae;jpuk;> njhiyNgrp> njhiyefy;> njhlHtiyak;
,tw;wpd; cjtpNahL gpurtpf;fg;gLk; gj;jpupif ,g;gbahd nra;jpfisg; gpuRupg;gjw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ vd;gJjhd;.
eha; ahid
Kfj;Jld; Fl;b xd;iw <DtJ mw;Gjky;y. mJ me;j tpf;fpdk; jPHf;Fk; tpehafiuNa mtkjpf;Fk;
vj;jdkhFk;. NghAk; NghAk; tpehafH mw;Gjk; xd;iw epfo;j;jpf;fhl;l eha; xd;Wjhd; fpilj;jjh? 1956k; Mz;L ,df; fytuj;jpd; NghJ jpUf;NfhNzRtu Myaj;jpy;
,Ue;j gps;isahH rpiyia rpq;fsf; fhilaHfs; mbNahL ngaHj;njLj;J
gf;fj;jpy; cs;s flypy; tPrpdhHfs;. Rk;kh tPrtpy;iy. ""fzgjp nja;Nth ehz;l
fPah" (gps;isahH Fspf;fg;NghdhH) vd;W vOjp itj;Jtpl;L tPrpnawpe;jhHfs;. mw;Gjk; vd;gJ
cz;ikahdhy; mg;NghJ my;yth tpehafH jd; iftupifiaf; fhl;bapUf;f
Ntz;Lk;?
rpy khjq;fSf;F
Kd; ,Nj khjpup fhl;L ahid xd;W fpspnehr;rp tl;lf;fr;rpapy; cs;s xU tPl;by; Eise;J tPl;Lj;
jiytiu mbj;Jf; nfhd;W tpl;ljhfr; nra;jp te;jJ.
rhkp juprdk;
nra;j Kjy; ahid gf;jpf;F vLj;Jf; fhl;lhfTk;> flTspd; mw;Gjj;Jf;F cjhuzkhfTk;
fhl;Ltjhdhy; Mis mbj;Jf; nfhd;w gpe;jpa ahidia vjpy; NrHg;gJ?
kPz;Lk; ""cyfk; ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;by; mopAkh? mopaj;jhd;
Ntz;Lkh?"" vd;w gugug;ghd ePz;l Nrhjplf; fl;Liu xd;iw A+iy 8 k;
ehs; ""ek;ehL"" ,jopd;
eLg;gf;fk; ,uz;bYk;> ,d;ndhU ghjp gf;fj;jpYk; ntspapl;Ls;sJ. me;jf; fl;Liuia vOjpatH
ahH njupAkh? ""Nrhjpl tpQ;Qhdp""
""itj;jpafyhepjp"" "" NguhrpupaH"" vd;W Rkf;fKbahJ
gy gl;lq;fisf; Rkf;Fk; xUtH ,e;jf; fl;Liuia vOjpapUf;fpwhH.
,t;tsT
gl;lq;fisr; Rkg;gtH nghOJNghf;Ff;fhf vOjhky; jkpo;r; rKjhaj;Jf;F gyd;juf; $ba> Vw;wk;
juf;$ba fl;Liu vOjpapUe;jpUf;fyhk;. Fiwe;jJ ,d;iwa R+o;epiyf;F Vw;g rq;f fhy ,yf;fpaj;jpy;
fhzg;gLk; Gwehw;W tPuj;ij vLj;Jf; fhl;b me;j tPuj;Jf;F vy;yhk; ,d;iwa tp.Gypfs; vg;gb ,yf;fzkhf tpsq;FfpwhHfs;
vd;gij xg;G ePf;fp xU fl;Liu vOjpapUf;fyhk;. hy; mij tuNtw;wpUf;fyhk;.
Fwpj;j fl;LiuahsH
,g;gbahd fl;Liu vOJtJ ,Jjhd; Kjy; jlitay;y. ,jw;F Kd;dUk; jdJ Nrhjpl
""Muha;r;rpapd;"" fz;Lgpbg;Gf;fis ''bah'' '',bah'' vd;w ngupy; xU Ehiy
vOjp ntspapl;Ls;shH. ';b; vd;w vOj;J akDf;F
cupaJ vd;gJ ,tuJ fz;Lgpbg;G. me;j vOj;Jf;fis jq;fs; ngaupy; itj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gtHfSf;F
vg;NghJk; Mgj;J. mw;g MAs;> mfhy kuzk;. cjhuzj;Jf;Fr; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ,b
mkpd;> ,sturp lahdh!
,e;j ,lj;jpy;
mwptpaiyg;gw;wp nfhQ;rk; nrhy;yNtz;Lk;. mwptpaiy ,uz;lhfg; gpupf;fyhk;.
Ntjtpay;>
,aw;gpay;> capupay;> fzpjk; Nghd;w Jiwfis MuhAk; ,aw;if mwptpay; xd;W. ,it fbd mwptpay; (Hard
Science) vdg;gLk;.
khDltpay;>
njhy; nghUspay;> jj;Jtk;> tuyhW> nghUshjhuk; Nghd;w kdpj r%fj; Jiwfisg; gw;wp Muha;tJ r%f mwptpay;
kw;wJ. ,it nkypT mwptpay; (Soft Science) vd;W ngaH ngWk;.
Ma;Tfshy;
nka;g;gpf;fg;glf; $ba Ma;T Kiwiar; r%ftpaYf;Fg; nghUj;Jk; NghJ mJ r%f tpQ;Qhdk; vd;w
jFjpiag; ngWfpwJ.
fbd mwptpay; xU
Fwpg;gpl;l cz;ikia vj;jidjuk;> vq;F Ma;T
nra;J ghHj;jhYk; xNu ngWNgw;iwNa nfhLf;Fk;. xU
tl;lj;jpd; gug;gsT igMHtHf;fk; vd;gJ vj;jid Kiw ve;j ,lj;jpy; Nghl;lhYk; xNu KbitNa jUk;.
nkypT mwptpaypy; mg;gbapy;iy. Ehw;Wf;F EhW tpOf;fhL rupahf ,Uf;fhJ.
Mdhy; Nrhjplk;
,e;j ,uz;L tif mwptpay; vjidAk; NruhJ. Nrhjplj;Jf;F Ma;T $lNk fpilahJ. mJ ntWk;
ek;gpf;iffspd; mbg;gilapy; mike;j Nghyp mwptpay; (Pseudo-Science) jhd;.
fle;j Mbj;
jpq;fs; 30> 31> Mtzpj; jpq;fs; 01y; ,q;F eilngw;w 7tJ cyfr; irt khehl;by;
fye;J nfhz;l mZ tpQ;Qhdp jpU. R+upa%Hj;jp gd;dpU jpUKiwfs; gw;wpg; NgRk; NghJ
,ilapy; ""Nrhjplj;ij ek;ghjPH"" vd;W gfpuq;fkhff; $wpdhH. jdJ
$w;Wf;Fr; rhd;whf jpUehTf;fur ehadhupd; NfhsW gjpfj;jpy; ,Ue;J ghly;fis
ghbf;fhl;bdhH. ""Nrhjplj;ij ek;ghjPH"" mtH nrhd;dNghJ mitNahH gyj;j
ifnahyp vOg;gp jq;fs; rk;kjj;ijj; njuptpj;;Jf; nfhz;lhHfs;. mijg; ghHj;j vdf;F kpf
kfpo;r;rpahf ,Ue;jJ.
cyfpy; ,d;W 599
Nfhb kf;fs; tho;fpwhHfs;. ,tuJ Muha;r;rpf;F vLj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gl;ltHfsJ vz;zpf;if vt;tsT?
'l' dh vOj;J tUk; ngaHfisf; nfhz;l Demetrius, Democritus, Descartes, Demagogues,
Demosthenes, De Gaulle, Benjamin Disraeli, De
Mille, Rene Descartes, King David, Dante,
Donatello, Leonardo Da Vinci, Danton, De
Valera, Charles Darwin Nghd;wtHfs;
vg;gbg; GfNohL tho;e;J kiwa Kbe;jJ? ,sturp ladhTf;F Vw;gl;l fjpay;yth ,tHfSf;Fk;
Vw;gl;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;?
,e;jr;
NrhjplHfSf;F ,Uf;fpw thrp vd;dntd;why; jq;fSf;Fj; jhq;fNs kpf ml;lfhrkhd gl;lq;fisr;
R+l;bf; nfhs;syhk;. Nrhjpl Mrhd;> Nrhjpl rpNuhz;kzp> Nrhjplr; rf;futHj;jp> Nrhjpl
tpQ;Qhdp..... ,g;gbf; Nfl;f Mspy;iy vd;w Jzptpy; MSf;fhs;
Vfg;gl;l gl;lq;fis jq;fSf;Fj; jhq;fNs R+l;bf;
nfhs;fpwhHfs;. rup mtHfsJ mw;g Mirfisf; nfLg;ghNdd;. ngUe;jd;ikNahL tpl;L tpLNthk;.
Mdhy; jd;id
itj;jpa fyhepjp> vd;W nrhy;fpwhNu mg;gbnad;why; kUj;Jtj;jpy; lhf;lH gl;lk; (Doctor of Medicine) thq;fpatuh? Mk;
vd;why; ve;j ehl;Lg; gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy; vj;jid Mz;Lfs; gbj;J ,e;jg; gl;lk; thq;fg;gl;lJ?
NguhrpupaH vd;why; ve;jg; gy;fiyf; fofj;jpy;> Fiwe;j gl;rk; ve;jf; fy;Yhupapy;
NguhrpupaH gjtp tfpj;jhH vd;W mtuhy; nrhy;y KbAkh?
Vd; ,g;gbahd
Nfs;tpfis ehd; Nfl;fpNwd; vd;why; xU cz;ikahd itj;jpafyhepjp>
NguhrpupaH ,g;gbahd mgj;jkhd> mwptPdkhd xU
fl;Liuia> mJTk; Muha;r;rp vd;w NghHitapy; xUNghJk; vOjpapUf;f KbahJ. mg;gb vOJtJ gl;lg;gbg;Gg; gbj;j xUtuJ
gbg;Gf;Fk; gl;lq;fSf;Fk; khngUk; ,Of;F.
Nrhjplk; xU Nghyp tpQ;Qhdk; (Pseudo
Science) vd;gJjhd; mwptpayhsHfspd; KbT. ,d;iwa etPd thdtpaYf;Fr; Nrhjplk;jhd;
Kd;Ndhb. thdtpay; Muha;r;rpapd; mbg;gilapy; mwptpayhf gupkhzpj;jNghJ Nrhjplk; cyfk; ,e;jg;
gpugQ;rj;jpd; ikak;> mJ jl;ilahdJ. mJ xU ,lj;jpy; mirahJ epw;f VO Fjpiufs; G+l;ba
Njupy; R+upaDk; kw;wf; Nfhs;fSk; mjidr; Rw;wp tUfpd;wnjd;w
""mwpNthL"" mJ epd;W tpl;lJ.
ghujpahH jkpo;rhjpia kdjhu Nerpj;jtH. mjdhy; jkpo;r; rhjpapy; kz;bf; fple;j %l ek;gpf;iffisg; ghHj;Jf; Nfhgg;gl;ltH.
""jkpo;
kf;fs; vUikfisg; Nghy vg;NghJk; <uj;jpNyNa
cl;fhUfpwhHfs;. <uj;jpNyNa elf;fpwhHfs;. <uj;jpNyNa gLf;fpwhHfs;. <uj;jpNyNa rikay;> <uj;jpNyNa czT.
cyHe;j jkpod; kUe;Jf;Ff; $l
mfg;glkhl;lhd;. ehs;Njhwk; rpyH ,we;J NghfpwhHfs;. kpQ;rpapUf;Fk; %lH
""tpjptrk;"" vd;fpwhHfs;. Mklh tpjptre;jhd;. "mwptpy;yhjtHfSf;F
,d;gkpy;iy" vd;gJ <rDila tpjp. jkpo;ehl;bNy rhj;jpuq;fspy;iy. cz;ikahd
rhj;jpuq;fis tsHf;fhky;> ,Ug;gdtw;iwAk; kwe;J tpl;Lj;
jkpo; ehl;Lg; ghHg;ghH ngha;f; fijfis %luplk; fhl;b tapW gpioj;J tho;fpwhHfs;""(ghujpahH fl;Liufs;).
""2000
Mz;by; cyfk; mopAk; vd;gJ xU Fj;J kjpg;Gj;jhd;"" vd;fpwhH NrhjplH. Vd; mijj;
Jy;ypakhf> mr;nrhl;lhfr; nrhy;y Kbatpy;iy? ""1997k; Mz;by; ,Ue;J 2007 Mz;Ltiu
gj;J tUlKk; njhlHe;J
Aj;jq;fs; Vw;gl;L cyfk; xU mikjp epiy
Vw;gLk;."" xUf;fhy; cyfk; mopag; Nghfpd;wJ vd;W M&lk;. mLj;j fzk; gj;J
tUlj;Jf;Fr; rz;il mg;Gwk; mikjp epyTk; vd;W Nrhbg;G. Vd; ,e;j Kuz;ghL? ,jw;Fk;
tPjpNahuj;jpy; ,Ue;J fpsp Nrhjplk; nrhy;ypg; gpiof;fpwtDf;Fk; vd;d tpj;jpahrk;? (,g;NghJ
fpsp Nrhjplk; nrhy;fpwtDila fpsp $l gioa Xiy eWf;Fffis thahy; ft;tp vLj;Jg; NghLtjw;Fg;
gjpy; xypehlhit vLj;Jg; NghLtjw;F "Kd;Ndwp"
tpl;lJ!)
"",d;iwa
jpdk; tpz;ntspf; fyq;fs; < nkha;g;gJ Nghy; Nkw;gug;gpy; mz;l ntspapy; G+kpAld; NrHe;J
jhWkhwhfr; Roy;fpd;wd. mjdhy; G+kpf;Ff; fpilf;f Ntz;ba kw;wf; fpufq;fspd; fjpH tPr;R
khWgLfpwJ. ,e;j khWghl;lhy; mfhy kio> Gay;> tul;rp> gapH tpisahik> kf;fspd;
Fzkhw;wk; ahTk; eilngWfpd;wd""
,g;gbr; NrhjplH $WfpwhH. ,J ghuJuhkhd fz;Lgpbg;G. mnkupf;f Njrpa tpz;ntspf; fofj;jhUf;Fj; (NASA) njupahj Muha;r;rp KbT! Nehgy; gupRf;Fj; jFjpAila tpz;ntsp
""Muha;r;rp""!
mJ rup. ,e;j khngUk; fz;Lgpbg;ig mjhtJ tpz;ntspapy; jhWkhwhfr; Roy;fpd;w tpz;ntspf; fyd;fshy; G+kpf;Ff; fpilf;f Ntz;ba kw;wf; fpufq;fspd; fjpH tPr;R khWgLfpwJ vd;w fz;Lgpbg;ig ve;j Ma;T $lj;jpy; ve;jf; fUtpfisf; nfhz;L Muha;e;J fz;L gpbj;jhH vd;W nrhy;y KbAkh? cq;fspd; ,e;jf; fz;L gpbg;ig> tpQ;Qhdpfis tpLq;fs;> Vida NrhjplHfs; Vw;Wf; nfhz;Ls;shHfsh? cq;fspd; 'fz;Lgpbg;G' cz;ikahapd; ePq;fs; nrhy;tJ Nghy; ""Nrhjplk; ngha;f;fpwJ "" vd;gij Vida NrhjplHfs; xj;Jf; nfhs;fpwhHfsh?
,e;j
cyfk; njhlq;fpa fhyk; njhl;L kio> nts;sk;> vupkiy> epyeLf;fk; Nghd;w ,aw;if
mopTfs; ,lk;ngw;w tz;zk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,dpAk;; ,lk; ngWk;. ,J
VNjh fypfhyj;jpy; kl;Lk; eilngWk; mdHj;jq;fs; my;y. mJ rup ,g;NghJ eilngWtJ fypfhyk;
vd;Wk; mJjhd; cyfpy; fhzg;gLk; khWjy;fSf;F
fhuzk; vd;Wk; nrhy;tJ rupnad;why; vg;gb ,Nj fyp fhyj;jpy;
kdpjHfs; ePz;l MANshL thoKbfpwJ? tpz;izAk; kz;izAk; cyh tu KbfpwJ? mk;ik> NghypNah Nghd;w Neha;fis Kw;whf xopf;f
Kbe;jJ? fhrk;> ePupopT> nrq;fkhup> Vw;G Neha;fSf;F kUe;J fz;L gpbf;f Kbe;jJ? ,Ujak;> fz;> fy;yPuy; Nghd;wtw;iw khw;W mWitr; rpfpl;ir %yk; nghUj;j KbfpwJ? kdpjdpd;
ruhrup taJ vOgJ - vz;gjhf vg;gb cau Kbe;jJ? kpd;rf;jp> mZrf;jp> Mfha tpkhdk;>
thndhyp> njhiyf;fhl;rp> njhiyNgrp> njhiyefy;> fzdp> tPbNah> fkuh>
njhiy ngUf;fp> tpz;fyk;> Test-tube Foe;ijfs; ,g;gb Mapuf;fzf;fhd fz;Lgpbg;Gfisf; fz;L
gpbf;f Kbe;jJ? kpf tpiutpy; gOjhd ,Ujaj;ij mfw;wptpl;L nraw;if ,Ujak; nghUj;jg; NghtJ
vg;gbr; rhj;jpakhfpwJ?
xUf;fhy;
,J fypAfk; vd;W tUj;jg;gLk; NrhjplH mLj;j
fzk; Kd;ngy;yhk; khjk; Kk;khup nga;jJ ,g;NghJ mg;gbapy;iy vd;W Kd;Df;Fg; gpd; Kuzhfr;
nrhy;fpwhH.
""
vJ vg;gbapUg;gpDk; ,e;j ,lj;jpNy xU Kf;fpa nra;jpia vdJ Muha;r;rp thapyhf ehd; mwpe;j cz;ikia ,jpNy ehd; Fwpg;gplf;
flikg; gl;Ls;Nsd;. mjhtJ jkpopdk; xt;nthU 600 tUlq;fSf;F xU jlit vOr;rpAk; tPo;r;rpAk;
mile;jJ tuyhW fz;l cz;ik. filrp tPo;r;rp 15k; Ehw;whz;by; ,uh[uh[d; fhyj;jpy; Vw;gl;lJ.
mJjhd; jkpod; nfhbfl;bg; gwe;j fhyk;. mj;Jld; jkpod; tho;tpy; tPo;r;rp Vw;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd;
mtd; jiy vLf;fNt ,y;iy"" vd;fpwhH NrhjpltpQ;Qhdp NrhkRe;juk;.
,q;Nfjhd;
Nrhjpl tpQ;Qhdpapd; mwpahik nfhbfl;bg; gwf;fpwJ. ,uh[uh[d; fhyk; 15k; Ehw;whz;L vd;gJ
tuyhw;W Nkhrb. xU gj;jhk; tFg;G rupj;jpu
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