ef;fPud;

''mtd; fplf;fpwhd; Fbfhud; vdf;F thH'' vd;W gpshit ePl;ba Klhf; Fbad; Nghy ,uhf; mopthAjq;fis itj;jpUg;gjhff; Fw;wk; rhl;Lk; mnkupf;fh me;j ehl;L kPJ NghH njhLf;f Maj;jq;fs; nra;J tUfpd;wJ. Vw;fdNt tisFlhtpy; mnkupf;f JUg;Gf;fs;> NghHf; fg;gy;fs;> NghH tpkhdq;fs; Ftpf;fg;gl;L NghUf;fhd xj;jpiffs; eilngWfpd;wd.

cyfj;jpy; mjpf vz;zpf;ifAs;s capupay;> mZ MAjq;fisf; Ftpj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; ehL mnkupf;fh. mg;gb MAjf; Ftpay;fSf;F Nky; epd;W nfhz;Ljhd; ,uhf; jdJ mopthAjq;fis mopf;f Ntz;Lk; vdr; nrhy;fpwJ!

If;fpa ehLfs; rigia Xuq;fl;btpl;L ,uhf;ifj; jhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gJjhd; mnkupf;fh kw;Wk; gpupj;jhdpa ehLfsJ Nehf;fk;. Mdhy; I.eh. ghJfhg;G mit mjw;Fg; gr;irf; nfhb fhl;l kWj;Jtpl;ljhy; Kjypy; ,uhf; mopthAjq;fis itj;jpUf;fpwjh ,y;iyah vd;gijf; fz;lwpa MAj gupNrhjfHfs; mq;F mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;Ls;shHfs;.

vjpHtUk; bnrk;gH 8k; ehSf;F Ke;jp ,uhf;ehL jdJ ifapUg;gpy; cs;s rfy capupay;> mZ MAjq;fspd; gl;baiy I.eh. mit gupNrhjfHfsplk; ifaspf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,uhf; ehl;bd; mopthAjq;fis mopg;gJjhd; mnkupf;fhtpd; Fwpf;Nfhs; vd;W ahUk; vz;zp Vkhe;J tplf;$lhJ.

mopthAjq;fs; ,Uf;fpwNjh ,y;iyNah me;j ehl;bd; Ml;rpia> Fwpg;ghf rdhjpgjp rjhk; FNridf; ftpo;g;gJjhd; mnkupf;fhtpd; me;juq;f Nehf;fk; MFk;.

mjw;fhf ,uhf; ehl;L vjpHg;ghsHfSf;F mnkupf;fh ngUksT epjpAjtp mspj;J tUfpwJ. jdJ csT epWtdkhd rpIVf;F rdhjpgjp rjhk; FNridf; nfhy;YkhW mnkupf;f rdhjpgjp G\; cj;jutpl;Ls;shH. Aj;jk; vd;why; gy Mapuk; Nfhb nrythFk;. Jg;ghf;fp vd;why; gj;J nlhyH NghJk; vd nts;iskhspifg; Ngr;rhsH jpkpNuhL nrhy;fpwhH.

nfhLf;f Ntz;baijf; nfhLj;J vg;gbAk; ve;j topapYk; vd;d ghLgl;Lk; rdhjpgjp FNrid xopj;Jf; fl;LtJjhd; mnkupf;fhtpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;.

,uhf; xU fhyj;jpy; ehfupfj;jpd; njhl;byhf tpsq;fpa ehL. mjd; ehfupfk; vfpg;J> fpNuf;fk;> cNuhk; ehfupfq;fistplg; goikahdJ. ,q;Nfjhd; fp.K. 4000 Mz;lstpy; RNkupa ehfupfk; nfhbfl;bg; gwe;jJ. nkrnghl;lhkpah (Mesopotamia) gs;sj;jhf;F ''tskhd tsHgpiw'' (''Fertile Crescent'') vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ. mjd; ,U kUq;Fk; iufpwp]; kw;Wk; ANgwup]; (Tigris and Euphrates) ejpfs; gha;e;Njhb mjidr; nropf;fr; nra;jd. RNkupaHjhd; Kjd; Kjypy; fspkz;zpy; vOjTk; Kjy; mupr;Rtbiaf; fz;L gpbf;fTk; nra;jtHfs;.

,uhf; kPjhd Nghupd; tpiy vd;d njupAkh? nlhyH 20>000 Nfhb! gy %d;whtJ ehLfspd; nkhj;j Mz;L tUkhdk; ,jpy; fhy;thrp $l tuhJ!

rpije;JNghd jkpoPo nghUshjhuf; fl;Lkhdj;ijf; fl;bnaOg;gj; Njitg;gLk; nkhj;j epjpAjtp ntWkNd 50 Nfhb nlhyHjhd;! x];Nyh khehl;by; vOjg;gl;l 'nkha;' ntWkNd 7 Nfhb nlhyHjhd;.

,uhf; kPjhd mnkupf;fhtpd; NghH eltbf;ifia gpupj;;jhdpah ehL Nfl;Lf; Nfs;tpapd;wp MjuT toq;FfpwJ.

gpupj;jhdpahtpy; njhopw; fl;rp Ml;rpjhd; eilngWfpwJ. mjdhnyd;d? mJ mnkupf;fhitf; fz;iz %bf;nfhz;L Mjupf;fj; jahuhf ,Uf;fpwJ. fhuzk; gpujkH gpNsaH>

rdhjpgjp G\; ,UtuJ ,uj;jKk; xd;Wjhd;. jz;zPiutpl ,uj;jk; jbj;jJ vd;w gonkhop ,tHfisg; nghWj;jstpy; Ehw;Wf;F EhW cz;ik.

Mg;fdp];jhdpy; $l Mq;fpyk; NgRfpw mnkupf;fh> gpupj;jhdpah> mT];jpNuypah> fdlh kw;Wk; epA+rPye;J ehLfs;jhd; nfhLf;if ,Oj;Jf; fl;bf; nfhz;L fsj;jpy; Kjypy; Fjpj;jd.

,uhf;ifg; nghWj;jstpy; ,e;j Mq;fpNyaH $l;lzp mg;gbNa ,Uf;Fk;. fdlh If;fpa ehLfs; mit KbT nra;jhy; jhq;fs; Aj;jj;jpy; gq;F nfhs;s Maj;jk; vdj; njuptpj;Js;sJ. Mdhy; Aj;jk; ntbj;jhy; If;fpa ehLfs; mit ,uhf; kPjhd Nghiu Mjupf;fpwNjh ,y;iyNah fdlh mnkupf;fhtpw;F Mjuthf Aj;jj;jpy; Fjpf;Fk;.

fdlhtpd; Vw;Wkjpg; nghUshjhuk; 80 tpOf;fhL mnkupf;fhtpd; jatpy; ,Uf;fpwJ. mnkupf;fh epidj;jhy; fdlhit Xl;lhz;b ehlhf khw;wptpl KbAk;.

mJ rup. mnkupf;fhtpw;F ,uhf; kPJ Vd; ,t;tsT Nfhgk;? cyfpy; mZthAj MAjq;fis ,uhf; kl;Le;jhd; itj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwjh? cUrpah> ,];Nuy;> tl nfhupah> ghfp];jhd;> ,e;jpah Nghd;w ehLfsplKk; mZthAjq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.

mz;ikapy; tlnfhupah jd;dplk; mZthAjq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;W gfpuq;fkhf mwptpj;jJ. ,Ue;Jk; mnkupf;fh mjidf; fhjpy; Nghl;Lf; nfhs;stpy;iy. Vd;?

tl nfhupahtplk; vz;nza;tsk; ,y;iy. ,uhf; mg;gbay;y. rTjp mNugpahtpw;F mLj;jjhf vz;nza; tsk; nfhz;l ehlhf mJ jpfo;fpwJ. mjpy; ifitf;fj;jhd; mnkupf;fh ,e;jg; ghLgLfpwJ!

x];Nyhtpy; ele;j ,uz;lhtJ Rw;Wg; Ngr;R thHj;ijapy; fye;J nfhz;l ,uhrhq;f Jiz mikr;rH wpr;Nrl; mHkpuh[; (Richard Armitage) tp.Gypfs; xUgb NkNyNgha; td;Kiw kw;Wk; gaq;futhjj;ijf; iftpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w Ntz;LNfhis tpLj;jhH.

tp.Gypfis td;Kiw gaq;futhjj;ijf; iftplr; nrhy;fpw ,uhrhq;f Jiz mikr;rH ,uhf; kPJ kl;Lk; ghupa ,uhZtj; jhf;FjYf;F mnkupf;fh rd;djk; nfhs;tJ vd;d epahak; vd;W ahUf;Fk; Nfl;fj; Njhd;Wk;.

vy;yhk; ''FU nra;jhy; Fw;wkpy;iy'' vd;w Nfhl;ghLjhd;. mnkupf;fh vd;d nrhy;fpwnjd;why; ""ehd; nrhd;dgb nra;Aq;fs; ehd; nra;fpw khjpup nra;ahjPHfs;'' vd;gJjhd;!

Muk;gj;jpy; mnkupf;fhNthL xj;Jg;Nghf cUrpah kw;Wk; gpuhd;]; ehLfs; nfhQ;rk; gpd;dbj;jd. ,uhf; kPJ jhf;Fjy; elj;Jtij Mjupf;f khl;Nlhk; vd ,uz;L ehLfSk; mwptpj;jd. ,e;j ehLfs; ghJfhg;G mitpapy; cWg;Gupik tfpf;fpd;wd. ve;jj; jPHkhdj;ijAk; 'tPl;Nlh' nra;a ,e;j ehLfSf;F mjpfhuk; cz;L.

cUrpah kw;Wk; gpuhd;]; ehLfsJ NghH vjpHg;G> rpf;fy;fSf;Fg; NghH jPHthf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. rpf;fy;fs; vJthdhYk; mtw;iw mikjp topapy; Ngrpj; jPHf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w caupa kdpj Neak;jhd; ,e;j ehLfsJ NghH vjpHg;Gf;Ff; fhuzk; vd;W ePq;fs; epidj;jhy; mJ jtW.

,e;j ehLfs; ,uhf; ehl;by; vz;nza; Jisj;J vLf;Fk; njhopypy; gyNfhb nlhyHfis KjyPL nra;Js;sd. cUrpahitg; nghWj;jstpy; ,uhf; MAjf; nfhs;tdT nra;j fzf;fpy; 8> 000 Nfhb nlhyHfis fld; itj;jpUf;fpwJ. mnkupf;fh ,uhf;fpy; rdhjpgjp rjhk; FNridf; ftpo;j;Jtpl;L Ml;rpiaf; ifg;gw;wpdhy; tuNtz;ba flid cUrpah mwtpl topNaJk; ,y;iy. mnkupf;fhitf; nfQ;r Ntz;btUk;. ,j;jpahjp fhuzq;fSf;fhfNt cUrpah kw;Wk; gpuhd;]; NghH vj;jdj;Jf;F vjpHg;Gj; njuptpj;jd.

,g;NghJ mnkupf;fh ,e;j ,uz;L ehLfisAk; rupf;fl;bg; Nghl;Ltpl;lJ. Ml;rp khw;wj;Jf;Fg; gpd;dH ,uhf; vz;nza; tsq;fspy; mtHfSf;Fk; gq;Fz;L vd;W mnkupf;fh njuptpj;Jtpl;lJ! mjd;gpd; me;j ehLfs; ,uhf; gf;fk; ghHf;fNt kWf;fpd;wd.

,e;jpah ,uhf; kPJ mnkupf;fh gilnaLg;gij mnkupf;fhtpw;F Neh Vw;glhjthW nry;ykhff; fz;bj;Js;sJ. mjw;Fk; fhuzk; ,Uf;fpwJ. tisFlh ehl;by; 30 ,yl;rk; ,e;jpaHfs; gzpapy; ,Uf;fpwhHfs;. Aj;jk; ntbj;jhy; mtHfsJ Ntiyf;F Mgj;J te;J ehL jpUk;Gk; Mgj;J ,Uf;fpwJ.

vdNt ,e;jpahtpd; Njrpa ghJfhg;G MNyhrfH gpuN[\; kp\;uh (Brajesh Mishra) mnkupf;f mjpfhupfhisr; re;jpj;Jg; Ngr Nth\pq;ld; jiyefUf;Fg; gazgl;bUf;fpwhH. Nghfpw topapy; ghup];> ,yz;ld; efuq;fspy; jq;fp me;j ehl;L mjpfhupfSld; Ngr;R thHj;ij elj;jTk; ,Uf;fpwhH.

,e;jpahtpd; gpujkuhf ,e;;jpuh fhe;jp ,Ue;j fhyj;jpy; mnkupf;fh ,e;J rKj;jpuj;jpy; thyhl;l Kbatpy;iy. ,d;W epyik jiy fPo;. mnkupf;fh ,e;J rKj;jpuj;jpy; jdpf;fhl;L ,uhrhthf cyh tUfpwJ. ,e;jpah mnkupf;fhtpd; fhybapy; tpOe;J fplf;fpwJ!

mNj rkak; mnkupf;f ehl;L Jiz Njrpa ghJfhg;G MNyhrfH ];Bgd; `hl;yp (Stephen Hadely) ,e;jpah te;J ,uhf; gpur;rpidgw;wp ,e;jpa mjpfhupfSld; Ngr ,Uf;fpwhH.

MAjg; gupNrhjfHfs; ,uhf;fpy; mopthAjq;fs; ,y;iy vd;W mwpf;if nfhLf;fpwhHfs; vd;W itj;Jf; nfhs;Nthk;. mjd; gpd;dH vd;d elf;Fk;?

mnkupf;fh ,uhf;ifj; jhf;f NtW fhuzq;fisf; fz;L gpbf;Fk;. ,g;NghJ$l ,uhf; ehl;L Ml;rpiaf; ftpo;g;gjw;F KbT nra;Jtpl;L fhuzq;fisj; Njbf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ!

mJ rup. ,uhf; kPjhd mnkupf;f ,uhZtj; jhf;Fjy; vg;NghJ? jhf;Fjy; ,lk;ngwhJ Nghff; $ba rhj;jpak; ,Uf;fpwjh?

(1) rdhjpgjp rjhk; FNrd; jd;dpr;irahfg; gjtp Jwe;J NtW ehl;by; milf;fyk; GFjy;.

(2) xU ,uhZtg; Gul;rp %yk; rdhjpgjp rjhk; FNrd; ftpo;f;fg;gLjy;.

,e;j ,uz;by; xd;W ele;jhy; ,uhf; kPjhd jhf;FjYf;F Kfhe;jpuk; ,y;yhJ Ngha;tpLk;. mg;gb elf;Fkh elf;fhjh vd;W M&lk; nrhy;tJ fbdk;. ,Ue;Jk; mg;gb vJTk; eilngwhJ vd;gJjhd; vdJ Cfk;.

,jw;fpilapy; mnkupf;fh my;nfaplh gaq;futhjj;Jf;F vjpuhd NghiuAk; KLf;fp tpl;Ls;sJ. mnkupf;f ehlhSkd;wk; Kd;dH epiwNtw;wpa jhaf ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lj;jpy; (Homeland Security Act ) rdhjpgjp G\; ifnaOj;jpl;lij mLj;J me;jr; rl;lk; mKYf;F te;Js;sJ.

Mdhy; gaq;futhjj;ij xopg;gJ ,Nyrhd nrayy;y. fhuzk; gaq;futhjpfs; vq;Nf xspj;J ,Uf;fpwhHfs; vd;gJ mnkupf;fhTf;Fj; njupahJ. Mdhy; gaq;futhjpfSf;F jq;fs; ,yf;Fj; njspthfj; njupAk;. ghypapy; gpd;dH nfd;ahtpy; gaq;futhjpfs; Nkw;nfhz;l jhf;Fjy;fis mnkupf;fhNth ,];NuNyh nfhQ;rKk; vjpHghHf;ftpy;iy.

gaq;futhjj;ij xopf;f Kaw;rpg;gJk; Esk;ig xopf;f Kay;tJk; xd;Wjhd;. Esk;ig xopf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why; xt;nthU Esk;igAk; gpbj;J mbj;Jf; nfhd;W xopf;f KbahJ. Esk;G cw;gj;jpahfpwjw;Ff; fhuzkhf cs;s  rhf;filfs;> Fl;ilfs; Kjypy; xopf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. mJNghyj;jhd; gaq;futhjKk;.

cyfpy; fhzg;gLk; Vw;wj; jho;Tfs;> tWik> Vo;ik xopf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,d;W cyf XOq;F> cyf kakhf;fy; vd;w NghHitapy; tsHe;j ehLfs; tsUk; ehLfspd; nghUshjhu tsq;fisr; Ruz;Lfpd;wd. ,J ,d;iwa etPd nfhydpj;JtkhFk;.

Nkw;F ehLfs; rdehafk;> mikjp> NeHik> epahak;> rkj;Jtk;> nghUshjhu Nkk;ghL vd;W xUGwk; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L kWGwk; Aj;jj;Jf;F Jhg jPgk; fhl;b rd;djk; nfhs;tij ahUk; epahag;gl KbahJ! Mdhy;; mnkupf;f ahidiag; gpbj;Jf; fl;LtJ ahH vd;gJjhd; Nfs;tp. (ek;ehL- bnrk;gH 06>2002)