jkpoH kPJ
elj;jg;gl;l Gwgz;ghl;Lg; gilnaLg;G!
(1)
jkpopdk;
njhd;ik tha;e;j ,dk;. jkpo;nkhop ,d;Wk; capHj; Jbg;NghL thOk; cyf nkhopfspy;> kpfg; goikahd nkhopfspy;
jkpo;nkhopAk; xd;W. jkpo;; nkhopf;F ,Uf;Fk; ,yf;fpa tsk; Vida nkhop ,yf;fpaq;fistpl
caHthdJ. ,e;jpaUs; jkpoH nkhopahYk;> ehfupfj;jpdhYk; rpwe;jtH vd;gJ nkhop
Muha;r;rpahYk;> mfo;thuha;r;rpahYk; epWtg; gl;l cz;ikfshFk;. ,jid -
""fy;tpapy;
rpwe;j jkpo;ehL -Gfo;f;
fk;gd;
gpwe;j jkpo;ehL ...
ts;Std; jd;id cyfpdpf;Nf -je;J
thd;Gfo;
nfhz;l jkpo;ehL- neQ;ir
as;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhu nkd;NwhH- kzp
ahuk;
gilj;j jkpo;ehL""
vd;W
kfhftp Rg;gpukzpa ghujpahH Nghw;wpg; ghLthH.
Nrud;
jk;gp rpyk;ig ,irj;jJk;
nja;t ts;Std; thd;kiw fz;lJk;
ghupy;
ey;ypirg; ghz;ba NrhoHfs;
ghuspj;jJk;>
jHkk; tsHj;jJk;
Kd;dH
ehL jpfo;e;j ngUikAk;
%z;bUf;Fkpe;
ehspd; ,fo;r;rpAk;
md;d
ahTk; mwpe;jpyH ghujj;
jhq;fpyk;gapy;
gs;spAl; NghFeH!
KbAil
Nte;jHfs; %tUk; nfhw;wk; itj;J rPNuhLk; rpwg;NghLk;> NgNuhLk; GfNohLk;> mwj;NjhLk; kwj;NjhLk; ghuhz;l fhyk; mJ.
rq;f
,yf;fpaq;fshd vl;Lj; njhif> gj;Jg;ghl;L> gjpnzd;fPo;f;fzf;F Ehy;fs; jkpoupd; xg;gw;w
gz;ghl;Lr; rpwg;Gf;Fk; ehfupfr; rpwg;Gf;Fk;
rhd;W gfUtd.
rq;fk;
kUtpa fhyj;jpy; fs;isAk; jPiaAk; NrHj;J- ey;y fhw;iwAk; thdntspiaAk; NrHj;Jj; njs;S
jkpo;g; GyNthH nra;j jPQ;Ritf; fhtpaq;fshd Ik;ngUk; fhg;gpaq;fs; jkpo; md;idapd; Gfio
jpf;nfl;Lk; kzk; tPrpg; gug;gpd. fhypy; rpyk;G (rpyg;gjpfhuk;)> ,ilapy; Nkfiy
(kzpNkfiy)> fhjpy; Fz;lyk; (Fz;lyNfrp)> ifapy; tis (tisahgjp)> khHgpy; rpe;jhkzp
(rPtfrpe;jhkzp) mtspd; ,aw;if moFf;F NkYk; moF NrHj;jd.
jkpoupd;
nkhop NtW> fiy NtW> tho;f;if Kiw NtW. jkpou; Mupaupd; ( tlnkhopahsupd;) epd;W
Kw;wpYk; NtW gl;ltH vd;gJ Muha;r;rpahy; Nghe;j cz;ik. gz;ilr; rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; ,jid
nka;g;gpf;fpd;wd.
,Ue;Jk;
filf; fof fhy ,WjpapYk;> rq;fk; kUtpa fhyj;jpYk; jkpoH tho;f;ifapy; Mq;fhq;Nf ,Us;
R+oj; njhlq;fpd. njhy;fhg;gpaH fhyj;jpy; jiyfhl;ba gpwnkhop> gpw ,d> gpw gz;ghl;Lg;
gilnaLg;G jkpofj;jpy; gbg;gbahff; fhy;nfhs;sj; njhlq;fpaJ.
gpw
nkhop> gpw ,dg; gz;ghl;Lg; gilnaLg;gpdhy; jkpo; nkhop jho;Tw;wJ. jkpo;kuGf;F khwhd
tho;f;ifKiw jkpouplk; GFe;jJ. rhjp> rkar; Ropapy; rpf;fp jkpopdk; jho;e;jJ. jkpoupd; gof;f tof;fq;fs; khwpd. kzKiw khwpaJ.
Nfhtpy;fSk; kjr; rlq;FfSk; gy;fpg; ngUfpd. ,tw;wpd; gadhf jkpoHfs; nkhop> gz;ghl;Lr; rpwg;ig ,oe;J ngaustpy;
jkpouhf thoj; jiyg;gl;lhHfs;. jkpoHfs; jha;nkhopiag;
Nghw;whJ tpl;lhHfs;. jkpo;f; fiyfis tsHf;fhJ
tpl;lhHfs;. jkpo; ,dj;jpd; kuigf; fhj;jy;
nra;ahJ tpl;lhHfs;. Mupag; gz;ghl;Lf;Fk;
tlnkhop Mjpf;fj;jpw;Fk; mbikahdhHfs;.
jkpo;
kd;dHfs; jkpiog; Gwf;fzpj;J tlnkhopia mupahrdj;jpy; mkHj;jpdhHfs;. fsg;gpuH> gy;ytH
fhye; njhl;L (1700 Mz;Lfs;) mz;ikf; fhyk;tiu jkpoH
rk];fpUjj;ij 'Njtghi\" vd;W vz;z itf;fg;gl;ldH. mtHfsJ nrhe;j
nkhopahd jkpo;nkhop "ePrghi\" vd MupaHfshy; ek;g itf;fg;gl;ldH. Njtghi\ NgrpNahH NjtHfs; vd;Wk; ePrghi\ NgrpNahH
xl;L nkhj;jkhf ePrHfs; vd;Wk; jkpoHfNs xj;Jf;
nfhs;s itf;fg;gl;ldH. jkpioAk; rk];fpUjj;ijAk; rup ghjp
ghjpahff; fye;J vOJtJ jkpOf;F monfd;Wk;
ngUiknad;Wk; vz;z itf;fg; gl;lJ. gpw;fhyj;jpy; jkpoHfis mbikg; gLj;jp Mz;l
NghHj;Jf;NfaH> xy;yhe;jH> Mq;fpNyaH> nkhfyhaH> njYq;fH> fd;dlH>
kfhuhl;baH ,tHfsJ nkhopf;Fk; Njtj; jd;ikia jkpoHfs; nfhLj;jhHfs;.
ntspg;gif
NghjhJ vd;gJ Nghy; jkpoHfsJ nkhopg;gw;iwf; nfLf;f xU rpy jkpoHfs; cl;gifahf Kioj;jhHfs;.
""tlEhiy
tpl;Lj; jdpNa jkpo;Ehy; elthjJ epakNk""
vdr;
nrhd;dtH ',yf;fzf; nfhj;J' vOjpa rhkpehj NjrpfH.
""jkpo;Ehw;F
mstpiy mtw;Ws;
xd;Nw
ahapDk; jdpj;jkpo; cz;Nlh""
vd;Wk;
""Ie;njOj;jh
jhnyhU ghilnad;
wiwaNt
ehZtH mwpTilNahNu!
Mifahy;
ahDk; mJNt mwpf""
vd;Wk;
mbikg; Gj;jp Kw;W KOjhf jiyf;Nfwpa epiyapy; cswpa jk;gpuhDk; ,e;j rhkpehj NjrpfNu.
,e;jg;
gpd;Gyj;jpy;jhd; maHye;jpy; gpwe;J jkpo;ehl;by; fpwpj;Jtj;ijg; gug;Gk; rka mbfshuhf
FbNawpa lhf;lH fhy;LNty; mbfshH ( 1814-1892) mtHfs; jkpopd; ,dpikahYk;> ePHikahYk;
ftug;gl;L jpuhtpl nkhopfis Muha;e;J "jpuhtpl nkhopfspd; xg;gpyf;fzk;"
vd;w mupa Ehy; vOjp jkpo;nkhop "caH jdpr; nrk;nkhop" vd;w cz;ikia epiyehl;bdhH. mJfhWk; NkNy nrhy;ypathW tlnkhopNa ,e;jpa nkhopfs;
vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; jha;nkhopnad;Wk;> mJ Njt
ghi\ vd;Wk; vz;zp me;j khiaapy; %o;fp jkpoHfs; tho;e;J te;jJ mtHfs; gLghjhsj;jpy; tPo;e;J
fple;jjw;F vLj;Jf; fhl;lhFk;.
fhy;LNty;
mbfshH fhyj;jpy; rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fs; ntspAyfj;jpw;Fj; njupahJ kiwe;J fple;jd.
njhy;fhg;gpaj;ij gbj;J mwpaTk; mtUf;F tha;g;G ,Uf;ftpy;iy. mg;gbahd tha;g;Gf;fs;
,Ue;jpUe;jhy; mtuJ Muha;r;rp KOik ngw;wpUf;Fk;.,d;wsTk; jkpoHfs; nkhop> gz;ghl;Lj;
jsj;jpy; Mupa khiaapypUe;J jq;fis Kw;whf tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;stpy;iy. jkpoHfsJ kzKiw mjw;F xU
vLj;Jf; fhl;lhFk;. rq;f fhyj; jkpoH jpUkzKiwf;Fk; ,f;fhy
itjPfj; jpUkzKiwf;Fk; ,ilapy; cs;s NtW
ghl;il mLj;j Kiw ghHg;Nghk;.
jkpoH kPJ
elj;jg;gl;l Gwgz;ghl;Lg; gilnaLg;G!
jpUkfs;
(2)
Vida nkhop ,yf;fz Ehy;fs; vOj;J> nrhy; ,uz;Lf;FNk
,yf;fzk; $w njhy;fhg;gpak; vOj;J> nrhy;>
nghUs; vd %d;Wf;Fk; ,yf;fzk; gilj;Js;sJ. vdNt ,e;j nghUs; ,yf;fzk;; jkpo;nkhopf;Nf
rpwg;ghdJ MFk;.
,e;jg;
nghUs; mjpfhuj;jpy; njhy;fhg;gpaH gz;ila jkpoHfsJ tho;f;if Kiw>NghH Kiw> gz;ghL> kuG> nra;As;tif ,tw;iw tpupj;J
ciuf;fpd;whH.
tho;f;ifia
mfk; Gwk; vdg; gpupg;gJ gz;ilf;fhy jkpoHfsJ tof;fhFk;. kPz;Lk; mfj;ij fstpay;> fw;gpay;
vd ,uz;lhf tFj;jdH. fstpay; vd;gJ clyhy; Ntwhfp Mdhy; cs;sj;jhy; xj;j jiytd;-jiytp kw;wtH
mwpahJ md;NghLk; mUNshLk; goFtJ MFk;. fw;gpay; vd;gJ jha; je;ijaH ghHj;J ,d;dhUf;F ,d;dhH
nghUj;jk; vdf; fz;L jiytd;-jiytpia jpUkzj;jpy; ,izg;gjhFk;. nghJthf fstpaypy; Muk;gkhFk;
cwT ngw;NwhH ,irTld; fw;gpay; jpUkzj;jpy; KbAk;. Gweilahf jiytd; - jiytp ngw;NwhH rk;kjk;
ngwhj epiyapy; mtHfSf;Fj; njupahky; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;tJk; cz;L. ,jid cld;Nghf;F vd;W
njhy;fhg;gpak; etpYk;.
,yf;fpak;
,e;j jiytd;-jiytp cwit newpg;gLj;jp mjidNa ghLnghUshff;nfhz;L rKjha tho;f;ifia rpwf;f
itf;fpwJ. mj;jifa ,yf;fpaq;fspy; ghL nghUs;fs; vg;gbnay;yhk;
mika Ntz;Lk; vd;gij tifg;gLj;jp
Kiwg;gLj;jpr; nrhy;tNj nghUs; ,yf;fzkhFk;.
vdNt nghUs; vd;gJ nghUshjhu Nehf;fpy; Fwpf;fg;gLk; nghUisf; FwpahJ Mz;> ngz; cwT
njhlHghd fstpay;> fw;gpay; tho;f;ifiaf; Fwpg;gjhFk;. ,jidg; ghLk; ghly;fs; Kjw;nghUs;
(fhyKk;> ,lKk;)> fUg;nghUs; (
nja;tk;> tpyq;F> gwit> kuq;fs; )>
cupg;nghUs; (,Uj;jy; (Ky;iy)> GzHjy;(FwpQ;rp)> Cly; (kUjk;)> ,uq;Fjy;
(nea;jy;)> gpupT(ghiy) ,tw;iw cs;slf;fpajhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
r%fj;jpd;
mbj;jsk; FLk;gk;. FLk;gj;jpd; mbj;jsk; jpUkzk;. tho;f;ifapd; cWjpg;
nghUl;fs; %d;W. mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk; vd;gNj me;j %d;WkhFk;. ,e;j %d;W cWjpg;
nghUl;fspYk; ,d;gj;Jf;Nf jkpoHfs; Kjy; ,lk; ey;fpdhHfs;. ,d;gj;Jf;fhfNt nghUs;. nghUs; <l;ly; mwk; nra;tjw;fhf> mJTk;
,y;ywj;jpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L mwk; nra;jy;.
njhy;fhg;gpak;
fsT kzj;ijAk;> fhjy; kzj;ijAk; xUNrug; NgRk;. njhy;fhg;gpak; NghyNt mfj;Jiw
,yf;fpaq;fSk; fstpay;> fw;gpay; ,uz;ilAk; rpwg;gpj;Jf; $Wk;. ,jpy; vJ caHe;jJ> vJ
jho;e;jJ vd;w epiy ,Uf;ftpy;iy.
'ngha;Ak;
fsTk; Njhd;wpa gpd;dH
IaH
ahj;jdH fuzk; vd;g' (fw;gpay; 3)
vdf;
$Wk;. IaH vd;why; rhd;NwhH> fuzk; vd;why; rlq;F vd;W nghUs;.
rq;f
fhyj; jkpoHfsJ jpUkzk; vspikahfTk;> rlq;Ffs; mw;wjhfTk; ,Ue;jJ. jP tyk; ,y;iy. mk;kp
kpjpj;J mUe;jjp ghHj;jy; ,y;iy. vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhf GNuhfpjUk; tlnkhopf; $r;rYk; ,y;yNt
,y;iy.
mfehEhW
vl;Lj;njhif Ehy;fspy; xd;W. mjpy; cs;s 400 ghly;fs; ntt;NtW fhyj;jpy; (fp.K. 350 -
fp.gp.200) ntt;NtW GytHfshy; ghlg;gl;lit. ,jpy; fhzg;gLk; ,uz;L ghly;fs; goe;jkpoupd;
jpUkzKiwia tHzpf;fpd;wd. mtw;Ws; xd;W
ey;yhT+H fpohH vd;w nre;jkpo;g; GytH ghba
ghly;. gpupe;J te;j jiykfidj; Njhop thapypy;
top kWj;j NghJ gz;L epfo;e;j jdJ jpUkzehs;
epfo;r;rpia jiytd; Njhopf;F nkhope;jthW.
""cOe;Jjiyg;
nga;j nfhOe;fdp kpjit
ngUQ;Nrhw;
wkiy epw;g epiufhy;
jz;ngUk;
ge;jHj; jUkzy; nQkup
kidtpsf;
FWj;J khiy njhlupf;
fidapUs;
mfd;W ftpd; ngW fhiyf;
Nfhs;fhy; ePq;fpa nfhLntz; jpq;fs;
Nfby;
tpog;Gfo; ehliy te;njd
Tr;rpf;
Fle;jH Gj;jfy; kz;ilaH
nghJnra;
fk;giy KJnrk; ngz;bH
Kd;dTk;
gpd;dTk; Kiw Kiw jhuj;jug;
Gjy;tw;
gae;j jpjiyat; tapw;W
thypio
kfspH ehy;tH $bf;
"fw;gpdpd;
thohm ew;gy Tjtpg;
ngw;Nwhw;
ngl;Fk; gpizia Mnfd
ePnuhL
nrhupe;j <upjo; myup
gy;ypUq;
fJg;gpd; ney;nyhL jaq;f
tJit
ed;kzk; fope;j gpd;iwf;
fy;nyd;
Rk;ikaH nQNunudg; GFje;J
"Ngupy;
fpoj;jp ahnfd" jkH ju
Xupy;
$l;ba Tld;GzH fq;Fw;
nfhLk;Gwk;
tis,f; Nfhbf; fypq;fj;
njhLq;fpds;
fple;j NthHGwe; jkP,
Kaq;fy;
tpUg;nghL Kfk;Gij jpwg;g
tQ;rpds;
capHj;j fhiy ahoepd;
neQ;rk;
glHe;j njQ;rh Jiunad
tpd;dif
apUf;ifg; gpd;ahd; tpdtypw;
nrQ;R+l;
nlhz;Fio tz;fhJ Jay;tu
mfkyp
Atifa shfp KfdpFj;
njha;nad
tpiwQ;rp NahNs khtpd;
klq;nfhz;
kij,a Nehf;fpd;
xLq;fP
Njhjp khm NahNs. ""
,jd;
ciuia mLj;j fpoik ghHg;Nghk;.
jkpoH kPJ
elj;jg;gl;l Gwgz;ghl;Lg; gilnaLg;G!
(jpUkfs;)
(3)
""vq;fs;
jpUkzehsd;W cOe;jk; gUg;Gld; $l;br; rikj;j> gf;Ftkhff; Fioe;j nghq;fNyhL> kiyNghy;
Ftpe;j ngUQ; Nrhw;wpid cz;gtHfs; $l;lk; epiwe;jpUe;jJ.
tupirahf
fhy;fis el;Lf; FspHe;j kzg; ge;jy; KOJk; ntspapypUe;J nfhz;Lte;j ntz;kzy; gug;gg;
gl;bUe;jJ.
kidapy;
tpsf;F Vw;wp kyH khiyfis ge;jy; KOJk;
neUf;fkhfj; njhq;f tpl;L kpfmofhf
myq;fupj;Js;shHfs;. jpUkz tPl;by; kidtpsf;Ffis Vw;wp itj;J
xspngwr; nra;Js;shHfs;.
GfopidAila jpq;fSld; $ba cNuhfpzp ed;dhs;
Fw;wkw;wJk; tho;tpw;F ey;yJ gaf;Fk; mlHe;j ,Us; ePq;fp> tpbay; njhlq;Fk; tdg;G kpF
Neuj;jpy; jpUkz tpoh njhlq;FfpwJ.
jiyapy;
ed;ePHf; Flj;jpidj; jhq;fpAk;> ifapy; mfd;w ghj;jpuj;ij Ve;jpf; nfhz;Lk;> jpUkzj;ij
nra;J itf;Fk;> fyfyg;Gld; $ba Kjpa kq;fy tho;turpaH ePHf; Flq;fis Kd;NdAk; gpd;NdAk;
KiwKiwahfj; je;jpl kzkfis ed; ePuhl;bdH.
ey;y
kf;fisg; ngw;W mb tapw;wpy; tup tupahfj; jOk;Gfs; nfhz;l kzptapW tha;e;j kq;fy kfspH
ehy;tH Jha MilfisAk; mzpfisAk; mzpe;J $bepd;w kzkfsplk; 'cd;id mile;j fztid tpUk;gpf; $bf;
"fw;G newpapd;Wk; jtwhky; ey;ywq;fisr; nra;J> fztd; tpUk;gj;jf;f kidtpahhf mtid
tho;ehs; KOJk; ed;F Ngzpf; fhj;J thOk; vz;zj;ijf; iff; nfhz;L tho;thahf!" vd;W ePUld;
FspHe;j ,jo;fs; cs;s G+f;fisAk; Gjpa ney;iyAk; Jhtp tho;j;jpajhy; kzkspd; mlHj;jpahd fupa
$e;jypy; mit Njhw;wkspf;f> jpUkzk; ,dpNj epfo;fpwJ.
mjd;gpd;
MHtj;JlDk;> Muthuj;JlDk; R+o;e;j cwtpdH ',d;W Kjy; ePAk; ngupa kidf; fpoj;jp
Mfptpl;lha;' vd;W Nfyp Ngrp kzkfSf;F NfhbALj;jp nky;ypa myq;fhuq;fisr; nra;J> tdg;Gld;
$ba KjypuT miwf;Fs; cld; $ba GzHr;rpf;Fupa md;wpuNt mtis mDg;gp itj;jdH. mt;tiwf;Fs;
EioAk; kzkfs; cLj;jpa Gjpa Glitf;Fs; jd;id xLf;fpf; nfhz;L> jd; ,dpa fztd; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk;
Nehf;fpr; nry;fpd;whs;.
mg;NghJ
mts; Gj;jhilapy; xLq;fp Kfk; Gijj;Jf;
fple;jhs;. mtisj; jOTk; tpUg;gj;NjhL Kfj;ij %ba Jzpiar; rw;Nw tpyf;f mts; mjw;F mQ;rp ngU%r;R tpl;lhs;. eLq;fp
xLq;fpdhs;. "Vd; gae;jid> cd; kdjpy; cs;sij cs;sthW vd;dplk; $W' vd tpdhtpNdd;. mg;NghJ khidg;Nghy; klik nfhz;ltSk;>
nrUf;fpidAila Nehf;fpidAilatSk;> FspHe;j $e;jiyAilatSk;> khepwj;jpidAilatSkhfpa
kzkfs;> mfk; kyHe;j kfpo;r;rpasha; Kfk; jho;j;jp vd; fhjyp nkype;j kly; nfhz;l fhjpy;
mzpe;jpUe;j rpte;j kzpfs; gjpj;j mofpa Fiofs; mira tpiue;J te;J jdf;Fupatid tzq;fpdhs;.
Mjyhy; mts; vf;fhyj;Jk; vd;ghy; md;Gilats;.
mjid eP mwpaha;"" vd;W Njhopaplk; $wpdhd;.
rq;ffhyj;
jkpouJ jpUkz newpia ghlypy; glk;gpbj;J itj;j GytH ey;yhT+H fpohH mtHfSf;F ehk; ed;wp
nrhy;yf; flikg; gl;Ls;Nshk;. mtuJ nrhy;Nyhtpaj;ijg; gbf;Fk;NghJ vkJ Kd;NdhuJ ehfupfr;
rpwg;ig> gFj;jwpit vz;zp kdk; G+upg;gilfpwJ.
GytH
ey;yhT+H fpohH fhjyhy; gpizf;fg;gl;l jiytd; - jiytpaJ Kjy; ,uit vg;gb kpf ehfuPfkhf>
kpf espdkhf jiytd; $w;whfr; vLj;Jr;
nrhy;fpwhH vd;gJk; vz;zp kfpoj;jf;fJ.
,e;j
mfg;ghly; GzHjiyf; Fwpg;gjhy; Kjypy; nrhd;d kUjj; jpizf;F cupa cupg;nghUshFk;.
tPl;L
Kw;wj;jpy; Nghlg;gLk; jpUkzg; ge;jypy; ntz;kzy; gug;GtJ> G+r;ruk; fl;LtJ ,d;Wk;
aho;g;ghzj;jpy; tof;fpy; ,Ue;J tUtJ vz;zp tpaf;fj; jf;fJ.
kfkfis
tho;j;Jk; NghJ ',d;W Kjy; ePAk; ngupa kdf;fpoj;jp Mfptpl;lha;" ('Ngupy; fpoj;jp
MFvdj;') ,jpy; tUk; ngupa kdf;fpoj;jp vd;w nrhy;yhl;rpia ,d;Wk; 'ngupa gps;isahfp
tpl;lhs;' vd;W ngz; G+g;nga;Jk; NghJ nrhy;Yk; tof;fpy; fhzyhk;.
jPtyk;>
mk;kp kpjpj;jy;> mUe;jjp ghHj;jy;> tlnkhop ke;jpuk;> ghHtjp guNkRtud;
rhl;rpahfTk;> mf;fpdp rhl;rpahfTk;> Kg;gj;J
Kf;Nfhb NjtHfs; rhl;rpahfTk; vd;w rlq;nfy;;yhk; ,ilapy; te;j me;epa gz;ghl;L tof;fkhFk;.
gpwd;
kid tpioe;j Kg;gj;J Kf;Nfhb NjtHfsJ murdhd ,e;jpud; ngaiu jkpoH jpUkzj;jpd;NghJ nrhy;tJ
Nghd;w ,Of;F NtW ,y;iy. jkpoH gz;ghl;Lf;F Ntyp mikj;j ts;StH 'gpwd; ,y;tpioahik'
mjpfhuj;jpy; gpwd; kidtpia ,r;rpf;Fk; jd;ik ngupNahH ,lj;jpy; ,y;iynad;Wk;> mg;gb
,r;rpg;gtd; %ld; vd;Wk;> mtd; khl;L gif> ghtk;> mr;rk;> gop ,e;ehd;Fk; ePq;fhnjd;Wk; gythW nkhopthH. ts;StH
,yf;fzg;gb ,e;jpud; gif> ghtk;> mr;rk;> gopf;F Mshd %ldhthd;.
njhd;ik
rhd;w jkpoHfspd; gz;gl;l ehfupfKk;> ngUikf;Fupa tho;Tk;> tpaj;jw;Fupa nkhopAk;>
cyfshtpa rpe;jidAk;> rkag; nghJikAk;> ahJk; CNu ahtUk; NfspH vd;w tpupe;j ghHitAk;
fsg;gpiuaH fhyk; njhl;L me;epa nkhop Mjpf;fj;jhYk;> Gwgz;ghl;Lj; jhf;Fjy;fshYk;
tof;nfhope;jd.
gpw;fhyj;jpYk; ,f; fhyj;jpYk; jkpoH
,y;yq;fspy; eilngWk; itjPfj; jpUkzq;fspy;
jkpo;nkhop js;sp itf;fg;gl;L Mupar; rlq;FfSk; nghUs; Gupahj rk];fpUj ke;jpuq;fSk; GFe;J
nfhz;lJ jkpoHkPJ elhj;jg; gl;l Gwg;gz;ghl;Lg;
gilnaLg;gpd; cr;rf; fl;lkhFk;. jkpo;nkhopiaj;
jkpoNu jho;j;jpa Nrhf tuyhw;wpd; nfhLKbahFk;.
jkpoH
jpUkzk; vd;gJ gpuhkzH ntWg;ghy; vOe;jjy;y. gpuhkziutpl itjpfj;ij nfl;bahfg; fl;bg;
gpbf;Fk; jkpoHfs; ngUk;ghd;ikapdH. my;yJ
jkpoH jpUkzk; GNuhfpjHfspd; njhopiyf; ifg;gw;Wk; Nehf;NfhL nra;ag;gLtJk; my;y. khwhf jkpoH
jq;;fs; tPl;Lj; jpUkzq;fis jkpopy;> jkpouhy;> jkpo;kuGg;gb vspa Kiwapy; elhj;jp vk;
Kd;NdhH topapy; nre;jkpouha; tho top nra;tjhFk;.
taJ te;Njhiuj; jpUj;JtJ eilKiwapy; vspjy;y. ,isa rKjhak;
jkpoH jpUkzq;fis elhj;j Kd;tuNtz;Lk;. mjd; %yk; jkpo; nkhopapd; ePHikiaAk;> jkpoH
kugpd; rpwg;igAk; kPz;Lk; jkpoupd; nghw;fhykhd rq;f fhyj;Jf;F xg;g itf;fyhk;. jkpo;ehl;by; ,d;W 90 tpOf;fhL jpUKzq;fs; jkpo;j; jpUkzq;fshf ,Ug;gij vz;zpr; nray;gLNthkhf.
mfehEhw;wpd; kw;iwa ghliyAk; ( ghly; 136) ,g;NghJ
ghHg;Nghk;. ,e;jg; ghliyg; ghbatH tpw;Whw;W %nja;apdhH
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""ikg;Gwg; GOf;fp nda;f;fdp ntz;NrhW
tiuah tz;iknahL GiuNahHg; Ngzpg;
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tJit
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nkd;G+
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joq;Fuy;
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kz;Zkzp
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jz;zW
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JhTilg;
nghype;J Nktuj; Jtd;wp
kiogl;
ld;d kzky;yp ge;jH
,ioazp
rpwg;gpw; ngaHtpaHg; ghw;wpj;
jkHekf;
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EtH
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KUq;fhf;
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ngUk;
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cWtsp
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thHt
neQ;rnkhL NghHit tt;typd;
ciwfop
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kiwjpw
dwpah shfpg; ignad
ehzpds;
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g&cg;gif
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Ma;kyH Nta;e;j
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,jd;
nghopg;Giu gpd;tUkhW.
nrk;kwpahl;bd;
gpd; re;jpid Mf;fpa fwpnahL nea;ahsha ntspa Nrhw;wpid ,t;tstpdnjd;W $wg;glhj tz;ikAlNd
Md;Nwhiu tpUk;gpaspj;J tz;Lfs; te;J $b ,dpa ,irnaOg;g mofpa ,lkfd;w Mfhak; tpsf;fkilaj;
jpq;fs; cNuhfpzpapw; NrHjyhy; njspe;j xspAila Fw;we;jPUq; $LjYila ehspNyfhtiyAila khspifia
myq;fupj;J topgL flTis tzq;fp khHr;ridaike;j FlKoTk;>
kj;jsKk;
gUj;j gythr;rpaKk; xypg;g< tJit epkpj;jkhf myq;fupf;fg; ngw;w jhjHfs; tpUg;Gw;Wg;
G+g;NghYk; fz;fs; ,ikahky; Nehf;fp xJq;f> nky;ypa G+itAila mWfk; Gy;ypd; xypf;Fk; ,bf;
FuYila Nkfj;jpd; Kjw;ngay; nga;J tpl;lTld; Kisj;J tse;j file;j ePykzpad;d ngupa ,jo;fis cila ghit
Nghd;w G+tpdJ FspHe;j ewpa mUk;GfSlNd Nru nts;spa Ehyhw; fl;bajidr; R+l;b Jha Milia cLj;jp
nghUe;Jjy; tu neUq;fp te;J ntspNa Nkfj;ijg; gug;gpdhy; xj;j kzy; gug;gpa ge;jupd; fz;Nz
fyd;fis neUq;f mzpe;j rpwg;gpdhy; cz;lhFk; tpaHitiag; Nghf;fp ,tis Nehf;fp ntWg;nghope;j fw;gpidAila vkJ capUld;
nghUe;jpa ngz;Nz!
tisahj
Gjpa Mil KOtijAk; cLj;jpf; nfhz;L ngupa GOf;fj;ijAw;w epd; gpiw Nghd;w new;wpapd;
fl;Nlhd;wpa tpaHg;ig kpf;f fhw;wpdhy; Mw;wNtz;br; rpwpJ nghOJ jpwg;ghahf>
vd;w
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thisg;Nghyf; fz; kUz;L ,ikg;g mjid kiwf;Fk; jpwj;ij mwpahsha; tpUg;g kpFj;Jg; gUj;J vjpH vjpH gpizj;j Mk;gypd; mofpa khiyia ePf;fp>
xypf;fpd;w
mofpa kyiur; R+ba ngupa gythfpa $e;jiyAilats; ,Uspd; fz;Nz xJq;fp xspj;J epd;W nky;y
ehzKw;Wj; jiy fto;e;J epd;wts;> ,g;NghJ Clh epd;wds; fhz;.
(gjTiu)
ikg;Gwg; GOf;fpd; - fUfg;GOf;fpd Jha nea;.
g&g;giz- ngupa KuR xypf;f.
rflk; - cNuhfpzp.
KoT - kj;jsk;.
gak;G - Fop.
mkYjy;-neUq;Fjy;>
tpJg;G - Mir.
Nktu-nghUe;Jjy; tu.
Jtd;wp - neUq;fp.
gLtp-tpsp.
KUq;fh-tisahj.
cUT-,q;f fz;zpd; tbT.
xa;nad
- nky;y.
njhy;fhg;gpaj;Jf;F
ciunra;j eHr;rpdhHf;fpdpaH mfehEhW 86k; ghliyAk;> 136k; ghliyAk; -
"fw;G
vdg;gLtJ fuznkhL Gzuf;
nfhsw;Fup
kugpd; fpotd; fpoj;jpiaf;
nfhilf;Fup
kugpNdhH nfhLg;gf; nfhs;tJNk"
IaH
ahj;jdH fuzk; vd;g"
vd;Dk;
fw;gpay; R+j;jpuq;fSf;F vLj;Jf; fhl;lhff; fhl;bAs;shH. fhl;b -",jDs; tJitf;F Vw;w
fuzq;fs; epfo;e;jthWk; jkH nfhLj;jthWk; fhz;f. Rw;wk; R+o;e;J epd;wJ. jkH mwpa kztiwia
kzkf;fs; NrHe;jdH" vdf; $wpAs;shH.
Kd;dH $wpathW ,e;j ,uz;L jpUkzq;fspYk; ,d;iwa jpUkzq;fspy; cs;s
(1) nghUs; Gupahj tl nkhop ke;jpuq;fs; ,y;iy.
(2) GNuhfpjH ,y;iy.
(3) vup Xk;gy; ,y;iy.
(4) jPtyk; ,y;iy.
(5) mk;kp kpjpj;jy; ,y;iy.
(6) mUe;jjp fhl;ly; ,y;iy.
(7) Nfhj;jpuk; $wy; Kjypad ,y;iy.
,t;tpU
jpUkzq;fisg; gw;wpf; $Wkplj;Jf; fhyk; nrd;w rupj;jpug; NguhrpupaH jpU. gp.b.rPdpthr
ma;aq;fhH mtHfs; " ,g;gz;ilj; jpUkz epfo;r;rpfspy; vuptsHj;jy; ,y;iy> jPtyk;
,y;iy> ,J Kw;Wk; jkpoHf;Nf cupa jpUkzk;>"" vdf; Fwpj;jpUj;jy;
ftdpf;fj;jf;fJ.