jkpo;g; gz;ghl;Lf;F Ntyp
Nghl;l jpUts;StH
jkpOf;F
'fjp" fk;guhkhazKk; jpUf;FwSk; vd;W Ngrg;gLtij Nfl;bUf;fpNwhk;. ,yf;fpaf;
fz;Nzhl;lj;jpNyNa ,t;thW nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. fk;guhkhazKk; jpUf;FwSk; jkpopy; cs;s ,izaw;w
,yf;fpar; nry;tq;fs; vd;gjpy; ve;jf; fUj;J NtWghLk; ,y;iy. ,Ue;Jk; ,e;j ,uz;L Ehy;fSk;
ntt;NtW ,yf;fpaj; jsj;ijr; rhHe;jit.
fk;guhkhazk; xU
rka fhg;gpak;. fhyj;jhy; gpe;jpaJ. fhrpy; nfhw;wj;J ,uhkd; fijiathy;kPfp tlnkhopapy;
Kjypy; ghbdhH. mijj; jOtpNa Mapuk; Mz;Lfs; fopj;J fy;tpapy;
ngupa fk;gH ,uhkfhijia ,aw;wpdhH. vdNt fk;guJ ,uhkfhij topEhy;. ,Ue;Jk; %yEhypy; fhzg;glhj ,yf;fpa jpl;g El;g moFfs; fk;guJ
,uhkhazj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpwJ. thy;kPfp ,uhkid xU rpwe;j murdhfr; rpj;jupf;f fk;gH mtid mtjhu
epiyf;F caHj;jpdhH. mJNt fk;guJ gyKk;
gytPdKk; MFk;.
jpUf;Fws; xU
xOf;f Ehy;. fhyj;jhy; Ke;jpaJ. vy;yhr; rkaj;jtUf;Fk; vy;yhf; fhyj;jpw;Fk; Vw;wjhd nghJ
kiw. jkpopy; vOjg;gl;l Kjy; Ehy; vd;w
ngUikia cilaJ.
jpUf;FwSk; xU
nkhopngaHg;G Ehy;jhd; vd;W nrhd;dtHfs; xU fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;jhHfs;. jpUf;Fwspd; mwj;Jg;ghy;
kDePjpapd; jOty; vd;Wk;> nghUl;ghy; fTby;aupd; mHj;jrhj;jpuj;jpd; nkhopngaHg;G
vd;Wk;> fhkj;Jg;ghy; tj;rhdaupd; fhk#j;jpuj;jpd; gpopT vd;Wk; $wpdhHfs;.
xy;fhg; Gfo;
njhy;fhg;gpaKk; ghzpdpapd; ,yf;fz Ehiyj; jOtp vOjg;gl;l ,yf;fz Ehy; vd;w fUj;Jk;
neLq;fhykhf ,Ue;J te;jJ.
jpUf;Fws;>
njhy;fhg;gpak; Nghd;w Ehy;fs; kl;Lky;y> jkpopy;
vOjg;gl;l Ehy;fs; mj;jidAk; nrhe;jkhf vOjg;gl;lit my;y> mit tlnkhop Ehy;fspd;
nkhopngaHg;G my;yJ jOty; vd;w khia mz;ikf;; fhyk;tiu tYg; ngw;wpUe;jJ. Vd; jkpo;nkhop
cl;gl ,e;jpa nkhopfs; mj;jidf;Fk; tlnkhopNa jha;nkhop vd;w fUj;Jk; epiy nfhz;bUe;jJ.
ey;yfhykhf ,e;jf;
fUj;Jf;fs; ,d;W mbgl;Lg; Ngha;tpl;ld. me;jr;
rhjidia rhjpj;j ngUik jkpo; ehl;Lf;F rkak; gug;g te;j fy;Lnty; Iaiur; rhUk;. mtHjhd; jhk;
vOjpa ""jpuhtpl nkhopfspd; xg;gpyf;fzk;"" vd;w mupa Ehypy; jkpo;nkhop
jdpAaH nrk;nkhop vd;gij jf;f vLj;Jf; fhl;Lf;fSld; epiy ehl;bdhH.
tlnkhopf;F
<lhf my;y tlnkhopia nty;Yk; tz;zk; jkpo;nkhop ,yf;fpa> ,yf;fz tsk; cilaJ vd tl
mnkupf;f NgHf;fpyp (Berkley) gy;fiyf; fofj;
jkpo;g; NguhrpupaH NahH[; `hl; (George Hart) fUj;Jr;
njuptpj;jpUf;fpwhH. gd;nkhop mwpQuhd NahH[; `hl; tlnkhop ,yf;fpa ,yf;fz Ehy;fis
tlnkhopapNyNa gbj;jpUg;gjhfr; nrhy;fpwhH.
jpUf;Fws; jkpopy;
vOJg;gl;l Kjy; Ehy; vd;w ngUik cilaJ vd;W
nrhd;Ndhk;. ,dk;> nkhop> rkak;> fhyk; fle;J ts;StH kdpj Fyj;jpd; caHTf;fhf ,e;jg;
nghJkiwia mUspdhH. Mdhy; jpUf;FwSf;F vy;yhr;
rpwg;Gk; ,Ue;Jk; mJ GytHfshy; kl;LNk
Nghw;wg;gl;l xU Ehyhf ,Ue;J te;jpUf;fpwJ.
nghJ kf;fs; kj;jpapy; ghujk;> ,uhkhazk;> gftj;fPij
mwpKfkhd mstpw;Fj; jpUf;Fws; jkpo; kf;fs; kj;jpapy; mwpKfkhftpy;iy. Nghw;wg;glTk; ,y;iy.
tuyhw;iw
jpUg;gpg; ghHf;Fk;NghJ jkpofj;ij Mz;l %Nte;jHfNsh> FWepy
kd;dHfNsh jpUf;Fwis Mjupj;jjw;Nfh jpUts;Stiur; rpwg;gpj;jjw;Nfh rhd;Wfs; vJTk; ,y;iy.
,Ue;Jk;
rq;fk;kUtpa fhyj;jpd; gpd; vOjg;gl;l nre;jkpo; Ehy;fs; vy;yhtw;wpYk; jpUts;StH Ml;rp
nrYj;JfpwhH. mtuJ fUj;Jf;fs; vLj;J Msg;gl;Ls;sd. irtHfs;> rkzHfs;> itztHfs;>
gTj;jHfs;> fpwpj;jtHfs; jq;fSf;F Ntz;batw;iw ms;spf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wdH. Ik;ngUk;
,yf;fpaq;fshd rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpYk;> kzpNkfiyapYk; jpUf;Fws; fUj;Jf;fs; vLj;jhsg;
gl;Ls;sd.
""nja;tk;
njhohms; nfhOed;njhOJ vOths;
nga;nadg; nga;Ak; ngUkio vd;w
mg;ngha;apy; Gytd; nghUs; ciu Njwha;""
vd;gJ rhj;jdhupd;
kzpNkfiy.
"nja;tk;
njhoms; nfhOed; njhOthisj;
nja;tk; njhOk; jifik jpz;zpjhy;""
vd;gJ
,sq;Nfhtbfspd; rpyg;gjpfhuk;.
,g;NghJjhd;
jpUts;StUf;Fk; jpUf;FwSf;Fk; nfhQ;rk; ey;yfhyk; gpwe;jpUf;fpwJ.
jpUts;StH kpf
Kw;Nghf;fhdtH. ey;y rpe;jidahsH. $Hikahd kjpAilatH. rq;f ,yf;fpa> ,yf;fz Ehy;fis
Kiwahff; fw;wtH. ve;j rkaj;ijAk; rhuhjtH. vz;Zk; vOj;Jk; kf;fSf;F ,uz;L fz;fs; Nghd;wit
vd;W fy;tpiag; Nghw;wpaH> CioAk; kdpj Kaw;rpahy; ntd;Wtplyhk; vd;W vz;zpatH. kidj;jf;f
khz;Gila ngz;iz tho;f;ifj; Jizahf tupj;J ,y;ywk; vd;w ey;ywk; Nkw;nfhz;ltH. gFj;Jz;L
gy;YapH NgzpatH. ,dpa nkhopapy; NgrpatH. Ntljhupfisg; gopj;jtH. ahiotplTk;> FoiytplTk;
,dpikahd Foe;ijfsJ koiy nkhopiaf; Nfl;L ,d;Gw;wtH.
xOf;fk; tpOg;ge;
juyhy; mjid capupDk; Nkyhfg; Nghw;wp tho;e;jtH. kdj;Jf;fz; khrpyd; Mjy; midj;J mwd;
kw;witnay;yhk; ntWk; Muthuk; vd ,bj;Jiuj;jtH.
RUf;fkhfr;
nrhd;dhy; kdpjd; kfpo;r;rpNahL tho;tjw;F vitnait NjitNah mtw;iw vy;yhk; mwptpay;
mbg;gilapy; vLj;J tpsf;fpatH. Mdfhuzj;jhy;jhd;-
""vy;yhg; nghUSk; ,jd;ghy; cs,jd;ghy;
,y;yhj vg;nghUSk; ,y;iyahy;- nrhy;yhy;
gue;jgh thy;vd;
gad;ts; StdhH
fue;jgh itaj;
Jiz""
(jpUts;Stkhiy
29)
""gytif Ehy;fshYk; nrhy;yg;gll vy;yhg; nghUSk; ,e;Ehyfj; jlq;fpapUf;fpd;wd.
,jdplj;J ,y;yhj ahnjhU nghUSk; ve;EhYf;Fk; ,y;iy. Mjyhy; nrhy; mstpdhNy tpupe;j Ehy;fshy;
gad; ahJ? jpUts;StuhNy jug;gl;l ,e;Ehnyhd;Nw kz;Zyfj;jjhHf;Fj; Jizahjy; mikAk;""
vd;W kJiuj; jkpo; ehfdhH etpy;fpwhH.
jpUf;Fws; jkpo;
kf;fspilNa mwpKfkhfhjJ kl;Lky;y mg;gb mwpKfk; nra;jtHfSk; ts;Stupd;
ikaf; Nfhl;ghLfSf;F CW tpistpj;jhHfs;. ,jpy; vy;NyhUk; cr;rp Nky; itj;J nkr;Rk; gupNkyofH
Kjy; Fw;wthspahff; fhzg;gLfpwhH. itjPf Mupaf; fz;Nzhl;lj;NjhL jpUf;FwSf;F ciunaOjpa
gupNkyofH jdJ ciug; ghapuj;jpy; mwj;Jf;F ,yf;fzk; $Wk;NghJ>
""
mtw;Ws; mwkhtJ> kD Kjypa Ehy;fspy; tpjpj;jd nra;jYk;> tpyf;fpad xopjYk; Mk;. m/J
xOf;fk;> tof;F> jz;lid vd %tifg;gLk;. mtw;Ws; xOf;fkhtJ me;jzH Kjypa tUzj;jhH>
jj;jkf;F tpjpf;fg;gl;l gpukrupak; Kjypa epiyfspy; epd;W> mtw;wpw;F Xjpa mwe;fspd;
tOthtJ xOFjy;........."" vdr; nrhy;fpwhH.
cz;ik
vd;dntd;why; xU Fyj;Jf;F xU ePjp nrhy;Yk; kDitAk; mtH epiyepWj;j tpUk;gpa tUzhr;rpuk rehjd jUkf; Nfhl;ghl;ilAk; kWj;Jiuf;f te;jtNu jpUts;StH. ,jid kNdhd;kzpak; Re;judhH jdJ jkpo;j; nja;t
tzf;fg;ghlypy; njspthfr; nrhy;ypapUf;fpwhH.
""ts;StHnra;
jpUf;Fwis kWtwed; Fze;NjhHfs;
cs;StNuh kDthjp nahUFyj;Jf; nfhUePjp""
tUzhrpuk rehjd
jUkj;jpd; tPr;Rk;> gug;Gk; ntspg;gilahf ,d;W njupahky; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; mjd; Mjpf;fk;
,d;Wk; ,Uf;fpwJ. jkpoHfsJ Nfhapy;fspy; jkpo;nkhop Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;L tlnkhopNa mHr;rid
nkhopahf ,Uf;fpwJ. jkpo;nkhop ,iwtDf;F Mfhj nkhop vd;W jkpoHfNs ek;g itf;fg;gl;Ls;shHfs;.
mHr;rfj; njhopy; tUzj;jpy; NkyhdtH vd;W
Fwpg;gplg;gLk; xU tFg;ghUf;F kl;LNk VfNghf cupik vd;w ,opepiy njhlHfpwJ. jkpoDf;F
#j;jpug;gl;lk; fl;b mtDk; mtdJ nkhopAk; Nfhapy; fUtiwf;F
ntspNa tplg;gl;Ls;shHfs;.
jkpoH ehfupfk; NtW. MupaH ehfupfk; NtW. MupauJ
ehfupfj;Jf;F gpuhkzH> rj;jpupaH> itrpfH> #j;jpuH vd;w tHzhr;rpuk NtWghL capH
ehbahdJ. jkpoH ehfupfj;ij tpsf;Fk; jpUts;StH ,jid kWj;Jiuf;fpwhH.
""gpwg;nghf;Fk;
vy;yh capHf;Fk;> rpwg;nght;th
nra;njhopy; Ntw;Wik ahd;."";
(Fws;
nghUl;ghy; mjp. 98-972)
""vy;yh
kf;fs; capHf;Fk; gpwg;G xU jd;ikahdJ. MapDk; ngUik rpWik vd;w rpwg;gpay;Gfs; ey;yd jPad vd;w njhopy;fspd; NtWghl;lhy;
xj;jpUf;fh"" vd;gJ ,e;jf; Fwspd; nghUshFk;.
Mupag;
gpuhkzHfSf;F tpjpf;fg;gl;l mWnjhopy;fspy; ahfk; nra;jy; xd;whFk;. ,e;j ahfq;fspy; Ntjfhy
nja;tq;fshd ,e;jpud;> tUzd;> Nrhkd; Nghd;Nwhiuj; jpUg;jpnra;a capHg;gyp
nfhLf;fg;gl;ld. Fjpiu> gR> cLk;G Nghd;w
thapy;yhg; gpuhzpfs; capNuhL ahfFz;lj;jpy; Nghlg;gl;ld. nte;j mtw;wpd; khkprj;ij ahfk;
tsHj;jtHfSk; ahfk; nra;tpj;jtHfSk; cz;L kfpo;e;jhHfs;. Mdhy; ,e;j fhl;Lkpuhz;bj;jdkhd
ahfj;ij ts;StH kWj;Jiuf;fpwhH.
""mtpnrhupe;J
Mapuk; Ntl;lypd; xd;wd;
capH nrFj;J cz;zhik ed;W.""
(
mwj;Jg;ghy; mjp. 26- Fws; 259)
""jPapd;
fz; nea; Kjypa mtpfisr; nrhupe;J Mapuk; Nts;tp Ntl;lypDk;> xU tpyq;fpd; capiug; Nghf;fp
mjd; Cid cz;zhik ed;W"" vd;gJ ,e;jf; Fwspd; nghUshFk;.
,g;Nghnjy;yhk;
Nfhapy; fl;LtJk;> Fsk; ntl;LtJk;> NjH jPHj;j tpohf;fs; nra;tJk;> nghd; nghUis
fhzpf;ifahfr; nrYj;JtJNk ngupa mwkhfTk;> Nkhl;rNyhfj;jpd; fjTfisj; jpwg;gjw;Fupa jpwT
NfhyhfTk; fUjg;gLfpwJ.
gupNkyofH kD Kjypa Ehypy;
tpjpj;jd nra;jYk; tpyf;fpad xopj;jYk; mwk; vd;fpwhH vd;gij Kd;dH fz;Nlhk;. mjhtJ MupaHfSila 32 mwq;fisNa mtH mwk; vdr; nrhy;fpwhH.
Mdhy; ts;StH mwk;
vd;w nrhy;Yf;F mwpthHe;j tiutpyf;fzk; tFj;jpUf;fpwhH. kdj;Jf;fz;
khrpyhjd; midj;J mwk; vd;fpwhH. kdk;
Fw;wkpy;yhky;- mOf;fpy;yhky;- jPa Fzq;fs; ,y;yhky; ,Ug;gJjhd; mwk; vd;fpwhH. kf;fSf;F
,d;wpaikahj md;G> xOf;fk;> mUs; Nghd;w Nkyhd Fzeyq;fNs mwk; vd;fpwhH.
""kdj;Jf;fz;
khrpyd; Mjy;> midj;jwd;
MFy ePu gpw.""
(ghapuk;
mwd;typAWj;jy;-Fws; 34)
,t;thW jkpouJ
gz;ghL> ehfupfk; Nghd;wtw;iw gpw gz;ghl;Lg; gilnaLg;gpy; ,Ue;J ghJfhf;f jpUts;StH
Nghl;l NtypNa jpUf;FwshFk;. Mjpapy; NfhNyhr;rp ghjpapy; tPo;e;Jgl;l jkpopdk; kPz;Lk; jiy
Jhf;fp epkpHe;J tho Ntz;Lk; vd;why; jpUf;Fws; jkpoHfsJ kiwahfTk;> tho;f;ifapd;
topfhl;bahfTk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. (ek;ehL)